CAFS HSC Course - Individuals and Work Notes

Individuals and Work

	Notes	Explanation
The Nature of Work
Reasons people work	To meet specific needs Economics Value and status	SPEECS Direct or indirect payments Value: Will dictate how people perceive that job Status: A societal-based rank of an individual’s importance derived from their work
The labour work	Labour force concepts and terms Labour force Employed Unemployed Employed part time Employed full time Participation rate Labour force participation across the lifespan 1977 = work related child care centres 1979 = 12 months maternity leave for women 1984 = Sex Discrimination Act 2011 = National paid parental leave scheme	All people who are working or are able to work All persons who have a job All persons who are looking for work Those working fewer than 38 hrs Those working 38 hrs or more The labour force expressed as a percentage of the entire population Labour force participation has increased over time Male participation in the labour force was greater than female participation Female participation in the labour force was lower than male participation by approx. 10% Male participation in the labour force was declining Female participation increased from 1982 onwards
Patterns of work	Full-time Part-time Job share Casual Temporary / contract Self-employed Shift work Voluntary Seasonal Working remotely Permanent Other	38 hrs or more a week Less than 38 hrs a week Sharing pay and position Lack of benefits, paid hourly Perform tasks for set rate of pay Owns and operates own business Must work for a period of time around a 24 hour clock Choosing to give time to a non-profit organisation Available at certain times of year Working away from home/office Always works @ given place Multiple work patterns combined
Changing work patterns
Social factors leading to changing work patterns	Education / retraining Techology Employment / unemployment Perceptions of gender Family circumstances Government policy Economics PEG FEET
Structures that support individuals in the workplace
Rights and responsibilities	Employee Employer	Rights: Leave entitlements Receive on-the-job training Work in an area that is free from discrimination Be protected from unfair dismissal Responsibilities: Give sufficient notice when intending to go on leave Work together to create a safe and healthy environment Have food faith and maintain confidentiality Maintain a responsible work ethic Rights: Discuss and negotiate terms and conditions with any employee Enjoy safety and security measures Expectations of employees Dismiss employees on the spot who fail to obey lawful instruction Responsibilities: Set out clear terms and conditions of employment Provide a duty of care Pay their employees on a regular basis Create an environment free from discrimination or vilification
Workplace structures	Legislation Work conditions Trade unions Flexible work patterns and practices Workplace culture Leave entitlements	Efficiency in the workplace: High productivity High morale Open and productive communication Low staff turnover Low absenteeism High respect for work health and safety Reduced conflict and minimal complaints Accessible grievance procedures Promotional opportunities and staff training
Maintaining work and life balance
Individual roles	Personal commitments and interests Work Leadership Parenting Caring Volunteering Religion Recreation Studying hobbies
Individual strategies for managing multiple roles	Negotiating and sharing roles Managing resources Using technology Accessing support Utilising workplace structures	Responsibilities must be shared equally depending on an individual’s strengths and abilities Positive and negative consequences Interchangeability of resources: Use labour-saving devices Car pooling Interchanging finance Sustainability: Use solar energy Having a compost bin Having chickens Buy groceries online Purchasing wrinkle-free clothes Buying cooking appliances Formal support: Childcare services After school care Informal support: No appointment necessary May be physically closer Trusted Bonds Having knowledge, overcoming pride, being able to negotiate Sick leave Grievance procedures Parental leave Trade union
Youth employment
Issues that impact on youth employment	Personal management skills required in the workplace Steps taken to prepare and plan for a career Predominant patterns of work of young people Rights and responsibilities of young people in the workplace	Planning Organisation Communication Decision-making Problem-solving Study Training and hands-on experience Marketing yourself Time of year Job type Career choice The same as the rights of all employees Rates of pay Leave entitlements Safety On-the-job training Protection from unfair dismissal Protection from discrimination Having a contract amended to fit the award

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